Parts of a Computer System
The parts
of the personal computer consist of 3 units/parts.
i.
Front Panel
ii.
Rear Panel
iii.
Inside the system unit
i.
FRONT PANEL
Ø Power Button:
·
It is also called as start button.
·
It is use to ON or OFF the computer system.
Ø Reset button:
·
It is also called as restart Button.
·
It is use to restart the computer system without
switch off the main power supply.
Ø Indicator Light:
·
It indicates the working of the computer system.
Ø Turbo Switch:
·
It the computer system has two different processors
then turbo switch is use to transfer the low value processor to high value
processor vice versa.
Ø CD-ROM Drive:
·
The CD-ROM Drive is used to store the or read the data
to or form CD/DVD.
Ø Floppy Disk Drive:
·
This drive is used to store or read the data to or
form floppy disk.
Ø Hard Disk Drive:
·
It is the main storage area of the computer system.
·
It is used to store data and performs in a hard disk
in magnetic form.
Ø USB Port (Universal Serial Bus)
·
It stands for Universal Serial Bus.
·
The USB port are used to connect mouse, Keyboard,
Printer, Scanner to the computer system.
·
It can transmit large amount of data with a very high speed
in less time.
·
It is advanced, fast, simple to use.
ii.
REAR PANEL
Ø Video Adopter port:
·
It is consisting of 5+5+5 = 15 pins socket use to
connect the monitor with the computer.
Ø Mouse port:
·
It is use to connect the mouse to the computer system.
PS/2 port is use to connect the mouse with the computer system. It is consisting
of 7 pins.
Ø Keyboard:
·
PS/2 port is use to connect the keyboard with the
computer system. It is consisting of 7 pins.
Ø Power Supply:
·
It is use to provide electricity to the computer from
the electrical outlet.
Ø Serial Port:
·
It is consisting of 4+5 =9 pins socket use to connect
the keyboard, mouse, modem with the computer system.
Ø Parallel port:
·
It is consisting of 12+12 = 25 pins socket use to
connect printer and scanner to the computer system.
Ø Fan Housing:
·
The SMPS fitted inside the CPU has a small fan use to release
the hot air from the machine and cooling to the system.
Ø Audio Port:
·
It is a sound connector use to connect external
devices like speaker, Microphone, Home theater, etc. to expand the capacity of
the system.
Ø Ethernet Port/LAN Port:
·
It is also called as LAN – (Local Area Network) port.
·
It is use to connect with the cable for communication
between the computer system and network.
Different between Serial Port &
Parallel Port
|
Serial Port
|
Parallel
Port
|
|
I.
It is use to connect mouse, keyboard, modem with the computer system.
II.
It can transmit the data one by one.
III.
It takes up 8 bit of data & transmit one by one.
IV.
It is slower then parallel port.
V.
It is cheaper than parallel port.
VI.
It is consist of 9 pin socket.
|
I.
It is use to connect printer and scanner with the computer system.
II.
It can transmit all data at same time.
III.
It can line up 8 bit of data & transmit all at once.
IV.
It is faster than serial port.
V.
It is costlier than serial port.
VI.
It is consist of 25 pin socket.
|
iii.
INSIDE THE
SYSTEM UNIT
The parts
of the inside the system unit are the electronic component that run through
different program and institution and then generate result of the task of the
computer system.
Mother Board:
·
It is the biggest component of the inside the system
unit and it is made-up of silicon.
·
It is also called as logic board, planner board,
system board, main board.
·
All the other components of the inside the system unit
are attach to the mother board like processor, RAM, ROM, Video card, Sound
card, LAN card, CD/DVD drive, Floppy disk, Hard disk drive, etc.
·
RAM expansion slot, PCI slot, processor socket, PS/2
port, Serial port, Parallel port, IDE cable, or Data cable connector are attach
to the mother board for controlling devices like CD/DVD Drive, Floppy disk
Drive, Hard disk Drive, Monitor, mouse, Keyboard, Printer, Scanner, etc.
·
It is a control mechanism because all the circuits and
devices attach to the mother board perform their task through the mother board.
SMPS- Switch Mode Power Supply. / Simple Management
Power Supply. IDE- Integrated Drive Electronic. SATA- Serial Advanced Technology Attachment. PATA- Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment. CMOS- Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor. PCI- Peripheral Component Inter Connect. SIMM- Single Inline Memory Module. DIMM- Dual Inline Memory Module.
Micro-Processor:
·
It is the main hardware part of the computer system
that drives the computer.
·
It is the combination of arithmetic and logic unit and
control unit [ALU + CU].
·
It is also called as heart of the computer system.
·
All the task performs by computer system that is done
through microprocessor.
·
It executes all the comparison arithmetic and logical
task perform by the computer system.
·
The speed of the computer depends upon the speed of
microprocessor that is measured in GHz (Giga Hurtz).
·
Some example of the microprocessor Intel 4004 (It is
first microprocessor in the world).
·
Celeron, Pentium, Pentium-I, Pentium-II, Pentium-III, Pentium-IV,
Dual core, core 2 Due, i3, I5, i7, etc.
·
When the microprocessor is hot then heat sink is use
to cooling the microprocessor.
Fan Housing and Heat Sink:
·
The heat sink is a device which absorbed heat generate
in the microprocessor.
·
A small fan is installed along with the heat sink to
release the hot air.
RAM (Random Access Memory):
·
it is stands for Random Access Memory.
·
It is also called as Read and write only memory.
·
It is consisting of black plastic integrated micro
chip and row of pins on each side.
·
It is a volatile or temporary memory because the
information on the RAM are not permanent.
·
The contains of the RAM are save until the computer
system is switch on but the computer is switch off then the contains of the RAM
are lost.
·
It stores the next execute or currently execute data
by the processor.
·
The speed
of the RAM is 80 Nano second.
The speed
of the RAM is 80 Nano second.
·
The RAM are grouped in two types 1. SIMM, 2. DIMM.
·
The size of RAM varies from 128 MB to 8 GB or more.
·
It is of two types i- SRAM (Static RAM), ii. DRAM (Dynamic RAM).
Memory Slot:
·
The memory slot which is attach to the mother board
use to hold the RAM or ROM.
·
It is a location that holds the RAM.
Display Adopter Card or Video
Graphic Card:
·
It is use for communication link between monitor with
the CPU.
·
It converts the information in binary form to the
human readable form.
Disk Interface Card:
·
It is use to communication between CPU or Hard disk
drive, Floppy disk drive, CD/DVD drive.
Input/output Interface Card:
It is use
to communication between CPU and Input/output devices.
Expansion Slot:
·
The expansion slot is expanding the PC which is use to
connect network card, Video card, Audio/Sound card.
IDE Devices- (integrated Drive
Electronic):
·
It is stands for Integrated drive electronic.
·
It is connecting to the computer such as Hard disk
drive, Floppy disk drive, CS/DVD drive.
IDE Cable:
·
It is also known as data cable.
·
It is use to connect IDE devices with mother board to
pass the signal.
Processor Socket:
·
It is location on the mother board that holds the
processor.
SMPS- (Switch Mode Power Supply)
·
It is stands for Switch mode power supply or Simple
management power supply.
·
It works like a transformer.
·
It supplies the power to different parts of the CPU.
·
It receives 250 to 260 volt and supply 5 to 10 volt to
the mother board.
CMOS Battery:
·
It stands for Complementary Metal Oxide
Semi-conductor.
·
It stores the information of date and time.
·
Its life time about 2 to 3 years.
0 Comments